为什么我们应该铲平商学院
Visit the average university campus and it is likely that the newest and most ostentatious (华丽的）building will be occupied by the business school. The business school has the best building because it makes the biggest profits – as you might expect, from a form of knowledge that teaches people how to make profits.
参观普通的大学校园，商学院可能会占用最新且最华丽的建筑。商学院拥有最好的建筑，因为它可以从教人们如何获利的知识形式中获得最大的利润（正如你所期望的那样）。
Business schools have huge influence, yet they are also widely regarded to be intellectually fraudulent（欺诈的） places, fostering a culture of short-termism （短视）and greed. Critics of business schools come in many shapes and sizes: employers complain that graduates lack practical skills, Europeans moan about Americanisation（美国化）, radicals wail （抱怨）about the concentration of power in the hands of the running dogs of capital. Since 2008, many commentators have also suggested that business schools were complicit （同谋的)in producing the crash.
商学院有着巨大的影响力，但它们也被普遍认为是智力欺诈的场所，助长了一种短视和贪婪的文化。对商学院的批评以各种形式和规模出现:雇主抱怨毕业生缺乏实用技能，欧洲人抱怨美国化，激进派抱怨权力集中在资本的走狗手中。自2008年以来，许多评论人士还表示，商学院是造成此次危机的帮凶。
Having taught in business schools for 20 years, I have come to believe that the best solution to these problems is to shut down business schools altogether. This is not a typical view among my colleagues. Even so, it is remarkable just how much criticism of business schools over the past decade has come from inside the schools themselves. Many business school professors, particularly in north America, have argued that their institutions have gone horribly astray(误入歧途）. BUSINESS schools have been corrupted, they say, by deans(院长） following the money, teachers giving the punters（赌客） what they want, and students expecting a qualification in return for their cash (or, more likely, their parents’ cash). At the end of it all, most business-school graduates won’t become high-level managers anyway.
在商学院任教20年之后，我开始相信，解决这些问题的最佳方案是彻底关闭商学院。在我的同事中，这不是一个典型的观点。即便如此，过去10年对商学院的批评中，有多少来自商学院内部，还是值得注意的。许多商学院教授，尤其是北美的教授，认为他们的机构已经误入歧途。他们说，商学院已经堕落了，院长们追逐金钱，教师们给赌徒们他们想要的东西，学生们期待着用他们的钱(或者更有可能是他们父母的钱)来换取资格证书。最终，大多数商学院毕业生都不会成为高级经理。
Most solutions to the problem of the BUSINESS school shy （畏惧）away from radical restructuring, and instead tend to suggest a return to supposedly more traditional business practices, with terms such as “responsibility” and “ethics”. All of these suggestions leave the basic problem untouched, that the business school only teaches one form of organising – market managerialism（管理主义）.
针对商学院问题的多数解决方案，都回避了激进的重组，而是倾向于建议回归更传统的商业实践，使用“责任”和“道德”等术语。所有这些建议都没有触及一个基本问题，即商学院只教授一种组织形式——市场管理主义。
That’s why I think that we should call in the bulldozers（推土机） and demand an entirely new way of thinking about management, business and markets. If we want those in power to become more responsible, then we must stop teaching students that heroic transformational leaders are the answer to every problem, or that the purpose of learning about taxation laws is to evade taxation, or that creating new desires is the purpose of marketing. In every case, the business school acts as an apologist（辩护者）, selling ideology as if it were science.
因此，我认为我们应该召集推土机，并要求以全新的方式来思考管理，业务和市场。如果我们希望当权者变得更有责任心，那么我们就必须停止教导学生：英雄般的变革型领导者是每个问题的答案，或者学习税收法律的目的是逃避税收,或者创造新的欲望的目的是营销。在每一种情况下，商学院都扮演着辩护者的角色，把意识形态当作科学来兜售。
Universities have been around for a millenium, but the vast majority of business schools only came into existence in the last century. Despite loud and continual claims that they were a US invention, the first was probably founded in Paris in 1819, as a privately funded attempt to produce a grande école for business. A century later, hundreds of business schools had popped up across Europe and the US, and from the 1950s onwards, they began to grow rapidly in other parts of the world.
大学已经存在了一千年了，但是绝大多数的商学院只是在上个世纪才出现的。尽管大声不断地宣称它们是美国的发明，但第一个大概是巴黎商业高等学校，成立于1819年，是一家私人出资的尝试，以生产出大胆的商业高产。一个世纪后，欧洲和美国涌现了数百所商学院，从1950年代开始，它们在世界其他地区迅速发展。
In 2011, the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business estimated that there were then nearly 13,000 business schools in the world. India alone is estimated to have 3,000 private schools of business. Pause for a moment, and consider that figure. Think about the huge numbers of people employed by those institutions, about the armies of graduates marching out with business degrees, about the gigantic sums of money circulating in the name of business education. (In 2013, the top 20 US MBA programmes already charged at least $100,000 (£72,000). At the time of writing, London Business School is advertising a tuition fee of £84,500 for its MBA.) No wonder that the bandwagon（潮流） keeps rolling.
2011年，国际精英商学院协会(Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business)估计，当时全球有近1.3万所商学院。据估计，仅印度就有3000所私立商学院。暂停一下，考虑一下这个数字。想想这些机构雇佣的大量员工，想想拿着商科学位走出校门的大批毕业生，想想以商科教育为名流通的巨额资金。(2013年，美国前20大MBA课程的学费已至少达到10万美元(合7.2万英镑)。在撰写本文时，伦敦商学院(London Business School)正在宣传其MBA课程的学费为8.45万英镑。难怪这股潮流还在继续。
What do business schools actually teach? This is a more complicated question than it first appears. Much writing on education has explored the ways in which a “hidden curriculum” supplies lessons to students without doing so explicitly. From the 1970s onwards, researchers explored how social class, gender, ethnicity（种族）, sexuality and so on were being implicitly（暗示隐性） taught in the classroom. This might involve segregating（分开） students into separate classes – the girls doing domestic science and the boys doing metalwork, say – which, in turn, implies what is natural or appropriate for different groups of people. The hidden curriculum can be taught in other ways too, by the ways in which teaching and assessment are practised, or through what is or isn’t included in the curriculum. The hidden curriculum tells us what matters and who matters, which places are most important and what topics can be ignored.
商学院实际上教什么？这个问题比最初出现的要复杂得多。许多关于教育的文章探讨了“隐性课程”向学生提供课程的方式，但没有明确地这么做。从20世纪70年代起，研究人员探索了社会阶级、性别、民族、性等在课堂上是如何被隐性传授的。这可能涉及到将学生分成不同的班级——例如，女孩做家庭科学，男孩做金属加工——这反过来又意味着什么是适合不同人群的自然或合适的。隐藏的课程也可以通过其他方式教授，通过教学和评估的方式，或者通过课程中包含或不包含的内容。隐藏的课程告诉我们什么是重要的，谁是重要的，哪些地方是最重要的，哪些话题可以忽略。
But in the business school, both the explicit and hidden curriculums sing the same song. The things taught and the way that they are taught generally mean that the virtues of capitalist market managerialism are told and sold as if there were no other ways of seeing the world.
但在商学院，显性课程和隐性课程唱的是同一首歌。教授的东西和教授的方式通常意味着资本主义市场管理主义的优点被灌输和推销，就好像没有其他方法来看待世界一样。
那我们接下来, 将找出这篇文章有趣又有用的短语和句子！
Analysis – Page 1
1. ostentatious = 炫耀
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) He was vain and ostentatious.
他很自大的和虚荣的。
b) Their house was huge and ostentatious.
他们的房子很大和富华的。
2. Fostering a culture = 培育文化
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) Fostering a culture of trust is important for any couple.
建立信任文化对任何夫妻来说都是重要的。
b) Fostering a culture of hard work is key for companies.
勤奋努力的文化是公司的关键。
3. Short-termism = 短期主义
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) Some countries have issues with economic short termism.
一些国家对经济短期主义有些疑问。
b) Their future profits will fall because of their short termism.
由于短期主义的经营，他们未来的利润将下降。
4. Lack practical skills = 缺乏实际技能
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) The new intern lacked practical skills.
新实习生缺乏实际技能。
b) The youth of today lack practical skills.
今天的年轻人缺乏实际技能。
5. Concentration of power = 高层集中力量
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) There’s a concentration of power at the top of the company.
公司高层集中了力量。
b) They’re trying to put limits on the concentration of power.
他们试图限制权力集中度。
6. Running dogs of capital = 资本的猎狗
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) The company joined the running dogs of capital.
公司加入了资本的猎狗。
b) One cannot do well in business if one doesn’t also become a running dog of capital.
如果一个人不能成为资本的猎狗，那他就不能做生意。
7. The crash = 2008年金融危机
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) The crash started a change in attitudes toward capitalism.
2008年的金融危机开始改变了对资本主义的态度。
b) Many people lost their jobs in the crash.
许多人在2008年金融危机中失业了。
8. Shy away = 回避
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) I always shy away from making decisions.
我总是回避做决定。
b) He always shys away from hard work.
他总是回避努力。
9. A millennium = 一千年
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) It feels like we met a millennium ago.
感觉就像我们在一千年前相遇了。
b) The museum has art from more than a millennium.
博物馆拥有千年以上的艺术品。
10. Pause for a moment = 暂停片刻
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) Let’s pause for a moment and think about this problem.
让我们暂停片刻，思考一下这个问题。
b) The noise made him pause for a moment.
声音使他停顿了片刻。
11. Implicitly = 暗中
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) They believed implicitly in their own intelligence.
他们暗中相信自己的智慧。
b) I trust her implicitly.
我暗中信任她。
12. Domestic science = 家庭科学
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) In domestic science she studied cooking and dress making.
在家庭科学领域中，她学习了烹饪和制衣。
b) Domestic science used to be taught in schools.
曾经在学校教授家庭科学。
13. Explicit = 明确
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) He gave me explicit instructions to follow.
他给了我明确的指导。
b) The directions should be made explicit.
指示应该明确。
14. Sing the same song =一致的
例句(illustrative sentences):
a) Regarding parenting, him and I sing the same song.
关于养育子女，他和我是一致的。
b) We should bring all the staff together so that we all sing the same song.
我们应该将所有员工召集在一起，以使我们团结一致。